A clear, slightly yellow aqueous solution with a strong, penetrating, and irritating odor. Strongly oxidizing; depending on the solution’s pH, it exists dissociated as active chlorine, hypochlorous acid (HOCl), and/or hypochlorite ion (OCl⁻). Its reactivity in oxidation, chlorination, and biochemical actions—such as bacteriological and microbiological control—depends on these forms of “active free chlorine.”
The following industries are highlighted as the main consumers:
WATER TREATMENT
Disinfection, sterilization, algicidal action, dechlorination, and deodorization of industrial water, drinking water, and swimming pools.
PAPER INDUSTRY
Used in washing processes as a bleach for cellulose, paper pulp, and textiles.
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
Production of ferric hydroxide (Fe(OH)₃) and manganese dioxide (MnO₂), as well as nitrates, sulfates, and cyanates (through reactions with corresponding cyanides and sulfides), organic and inorganic chloramines, and chlorophenols.
